• 
  

North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)

On January 1, 1994, the North American Free Trade Agreement between the United States, Canada, and Mexico (NAFTA) entered into force.
All remaining duties and quantitative restrictions were eliminated, as scheduled, on January 1, 2008.
NAFTA created the world's largest free trade area, which now links 450 million people producing $17 trillion worth of goods and services.
Trade between the United States and its NAFTA partners has soared since the agreement entered into force.
U.S. goods and services trade with NAFTA totaled $1.2 trillion in 2012 (latest data available). Exports totaled $597 billion; Imports totaled $646 billion. The U.S. goods and services trade deficit with NAFTA was $49 billion in 2012.
The United States has $1.1 trillion in total (two ways) goods trade with NAFTA countries (Canada and Mexico) during 2013. Goods exports totaled $527 billion; Goods imports totaled $613 billion. The U.S. goods trade deficit with NAFTA was $86 billion in 2013.
Trade in services with NAFTA (exports and imports) totaled $134 billion in 2012 (latest data available). Services exports were $89 billion; Services imports were $45 billion. The U.S. services trade surplus with NAFTA was $44 billion in 2012.
Exports  • The NAFTA countries (Canada and Mexico), were the top two purchasers of U.S. exports in 2013. (Canada $300.3 billion and Mexico $226.2 billion).
• U.S. goods exports to NAFTA in 2013 were $526.5 billion, up 3.5% ($18 billion) from 2012, and up 97% from 2003. It was up 271% from 1993 (Pre-NAFTA). U.S. exports to NAFTA accounted for 33.3% of overall U.S. exports in 2013.
• The top export categories (2-digit HS) in 2013 were: Machinery ($83.8 billion), Vehicles (parts) ($73.3 billion), Electrical Machinery ($63.4 billion), Mineral Fuel and Oil ($47.7 billion), and Plastic ($28.3 billion).
• U.S. exports of agricultural products to NAFTA countries totaled $39.4 billion in 2013. Leading categories include: processed food ($2.6 billion), fresh fruit ($2.5 billion), beef and beef products ($2.1 billion), pork and pork products ($2.1 billion), dairy products ($2.0 billion), and fresh vegetables ($2.0 billion).
• U.S. exports of private commercial services* (i.e., excluding military and government) to NAFTA were $88.6 billion in 2012 (latest data available), up 5.4% ($4.5 billion) from 2011, and up 109% since 2002. It was up 223% from 1993 (pre-NAFTA).
Imports  • The NAFTA countries were the second and third largest suppliers of goods imports to the United States in 2013. (Canada $332.1 billon, and Mexico $280.5 billion).
• U.S. goods imports from NAFTA totaled $612.5 billion in 2013, up 1.8% ($11 billion), from 2012, and up 70% from 2003. It was up 305% from 1993 (Pre-NAFTA). U.S. imports from NAFTA accounted for 27.0% of overall U.S. imports in 2013.
• The five largest categories in 2013 were Mineral Fuel and Oil (crude oil) ($144.2 billion), Vehicles ($115.3 billion), Electrical Machinery ($65.3 billion), Machinery ($62.4 billion), and Special Other (Returns) ($15.8).
• U.S. imports of agricultural products from NAFTA countries totaled $39.4 billion in 2013. Leading categories include: fresh vegetables ($5.8 billion), snack foods, (including chocolate) ($4.7 billion), fresh fruit (excluding bananas) ($3.3 billion), processed fruit and vegetables ($2.6 billion), and red meats, fresh/chilled/frozen ($2.4 billion).
• U.S. imports of private commercial services* (i.e., excluding military and government) were $44.9 billion in 2012 (latest data available), up 6.1% ($2.6 billion) from 2011, and up 52% since 2002. It was up 171% from 1993 (Pre-NAFTA).
Trade Balances 
• The U.S. goods trade deficit with NAFTA was $86.0 billion in 2013, a 7.5% decrease ($7 billion) over 2012. The U.S. goods trade deficit with NAFTA accounted for 12.5% of the overall U.S. goods trade deficit in 2013.
• The United States had a services trade surplus of $43.7 billion with NAFTA countries in 2012 (latest data available), up 4.6% from 2011.
Investment 
• U.S. foreign direct investment (FDI) in NAFTA Countries (stock) was $452.5 billion in 2012 (latest data available), up 7.1% from 2011.
• U.S. direct investment in NAFTA Countries is led by the nonbank holding companies, manufacturing, and finance/insurance sectors.
• NAFTA Countries FDI in the United States (stock) was $240.2 billion in 2012 (latest data available), up 7.3% from 2011.
• NAFTA countries direct investment in the U.S. is in the finance/insurance, banking, and manufacturing sectors.
• Sales of services in NAFTA by majority U.S-owned affiliates were $163.3 billion in 2011 (latest data available), while sales of services in the US by majority EU-owned firms were $79.5 billion.

NOTE: Refers to private services trade not including military sales, direct defense expenditures, and other miscellaneous U.S. government services.

• Press Releases
• Reports
• Fact Sheets

• 9/23/2013
  Readout of U.S. Trade Representative Michael Froman’s Meeting with Mexico’s Secretary of Economy Ildefonso Guajardo
• 9/9/2013
  Readout of TPP Call with U.S. Stakeholders
• 8/30/2013
  Ministerial Guidance Energizes Negotiators' Work During 19th Round of TPP Negotiations
• 8/23/2013
  Joint Press Statement TPP Ministerial Meeting Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei Darussalam
• 8/22/2013
  New U.S. Proposal on Tobacco Regulation in the Trans-Pacific Partnership